Manifest-First Plugin System (OpenClaw)

Description

OpenClaw's extension architecture: a central plugin registry with four architectural layers (discovery, enablement, runtime loading, surface consumption) and twelve capability types (text inference, speech, media understanding, image/music/video generation, web search, messaging channels, etc.). Plugins extend the gateway's capability surface across all agents, contrasting with Claude Code's four per-agent extension mechanisms (MCP, plugins, skills, hooks) that modify a single agent's action surface.

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src-20260423-0cff68d3291b